Forms of socialization'

Socialization is a purposeful and systematic process of shaping the personality; in preparation for effective participation in public and productive life. Socialization is an organized and joint process between the family, school, pre-school and extra-school institutions, and children and youth organizations; that is, it is the responsibility of society as a whole. Socialization and upbringing have several forms, including the following:

Primary socialization

Primary socialization begins from birth and continues throughout adulthood. It is carried out by parents at home, in addition to teachers and trainers at school. Classmates and others can also play a role in it.

Secondary socialization

Secondary socialization is defined as the changes that occur in a person's beliefs, principles, and behavior that he needs to engage and integrate into a particular society. Secondary socialization occurs through travel, university, or the workplace, i.e. in new, unfamiliar places; where the person automatically acquires new customs and traditions, adapts to them, and learns them.

Group Socialization

Socialization is defined as the process by which an individual acquires his or her own beliefs, social skills, and behaviors through interaction with a specific group. Group socialization occurs at all stages of life; for example, it can start in childhood by automatically teaching children everything according to their gender. It is impossible to find a male child wearing a dress or accessories and vice versa.

Organizational Socialization

Organizational socialization is the process of learning and adaptation that helps a person perform an important function or role within an institution or organization. It is within an institution or place where a person learns certain rules, laws, behaviors, and standards and must adhere to them. For example, new employees in companies must learn to cooperate, meet management goals, and take a break in a manner appropriate to the company. They may also learn how to talk about social issues in a way that reflects the organization's mission.

Proactive Socialization

Proactive socialization is somewhat self-directed, and refers to the steps a person takes to prepare for a new role, position, or career. This may involve observing new people's actions at work or seeking guidance from people who have previously served. In short, it is taking on new roles and learning about them before formally stepping into them.

Coercive Socialization

Coercive socialization occurs in institutions such as prisons, mental hospitals, military units, and some boarding schools. In this socialization, coercion is used to reintegrate people into individuals who behave in a way that fits with the institution's norms, values, and customs. It is also called rehabilitation and its goal is to create a new identity for the person.

Harms of socialization

Socialization aims to transfer habits and behaviors for individuals to follow, and it has many benefits and positives, including raising society in a good and harmless way in society, but it also has harms, including:

• It may lead to the reproduction and transmission of harmful habits that lead to social injustice and inequality.

• Some socialization behaviors include racial discrimination and racism, and this is transmitted to people and inherited.